Источники и благодарности

Источники ранее опубликованных рисунков с благодарностью указаны в подписях к рисункам. Дополнительная информация приводится ниже. В некоторых случаях рисунки были изменены для улучшения четкости. Мы благодарны авторам и издателям за позволение воспроизвести эти рисунки.

Рисунки

1.1. Hosomi Н. and Hayashida Y. (1984). Systems analysis of blood pressure oscillation. In Mechanisms of Blood Pressure Waves ed. K. Miyakawa, H. P. Koepchen, and C. Polosa, pp. 215—27.

1.2. 8.2a. Goldberger A. L. and Goldberger E. (1986). Clinical Electrocardiography'. A Simplified Approach, ed. 3. St Louis: С. V. Mosby.

1.3. Molnar G. D., Taylor W. F., Langworthy A. L. (1972). Plasma immuno-reactive insulin patterns in insulin-treated diabetics. Mayo Clin. Proc. 47 : 709-19.

1.4. Kiloh L. G., McComas A. J., Osselton J. W., Upton A. R. M. (1981). Clinical Electroencephalography. London: Butterworths.

1.5. Sakmann B., Noma A., Trautwein W. 1983. Acetylcholine activation of single muscarinic K+ channels in isolated pacemaker cells of the mammalian heart. Nature 303: 250—53. Copyright © 1983 Macmillan Magazines Limited.

1.8, 4.9. Mackey М. C. and Glass L. (1977). Oscillation and chaos in physiological control systems. Science 197: 287—89. Copyright 1977 by the AAAS.

1.9, Jalife J. and Antzelevitch C. (1979). Phase resetting and annihilation of pacemaker activity in cardiac tissue. Science 206: 695—97. Copyright 1979 by the AAAS.

1.10, 2.2b. Glass L., Guevara M. R., Belair J., Shrier A. Global bifurcations of a periodically forced biological oscillator. Phys. Rev. 29: 1348—57.

1.11, 7.11. Glass L., Shrier A., Belair J. (1986). Chaotic cardiac rhythms. In Chaos, ed. A. Holden, pp. 237—56. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

1.12, Рисунок предоставлен A. T. Winfree.

2.2a. Рисунок предоставлен A. Shrier.

2.6. Рисунок предоставлен J. Crutchfield.

3.1. Fatt P. and Katz B. (1952). Spontaneous subthreshold activity at motor nerve endings. J. Physiol. (Lond.). 117: 109—28.

3.2a. Rodieck R. W., Kiang N. Y.-S., Gerstein G. (1962). Some quantitative methods for the study of spontaneous activity of single neurons. Biophys. J. 2: 351—68. By copyright permission of the Biophysical Society.

3.2b, 3.4. Gerstein G. L. and Mandelbrot M. (1964). Random walk models for the spike activity of a single neuron. Biophys. J. 4: 41—68. By copyright permission of the Biophysical Society.

3.3. Lasota A. and Mackey М. C. (1985). Probabilistic Properties of Deterministic Systems. Cambridge Eng.: Cambridge University Press.

3.10. Aihara K., Numajiri Т., Matsumoto G., Kotani M. (1986). Structures of attractors in periodically forced neural oscillators. Phys. Lett. A 116: 313-17.

3.11. Mandelbrot В. B. (1982). The Fractal Geometry of Nature. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.

4.1. Hodgkin A. L. and Huxley A. F. (1952). A quantitative description of membrane current and its application to conduction and excitation in nerve. J. Physiol, (bond.) 117: 500—44.

4.2a. McAllister R. E., Noble D., Tsien R. W. (1975). Reconstruction of the electrical activity of cardiac Purkinje fibers. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 251: 1—59.

4.2b. Noble D. (1984). The surprising heart: A review of recent progress in cardiac electrophysiology. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 353: 1—50.

4.3. Lebrun P. and Atwater I. (1985). Chaotic and irregular bursting of electrical activity in mouse pancreatic [5-cells. Biophys. J. 48: 529—31. By copyright permission of the biophysical Society.

4.4. Chay T. R. and Rinzel J. (1985). Bursting, Beating and chaos in an excitable membrane model. Biophys. J. 45: 357—66.

4.6. Selverston A. I., Miller J. P., Wadepuhl M. (1983). Cooperative mechanisms for the production of rhythmic movements. In Neural Origin of Rhythmic Movements, ed. A. Roberts and B. Roberts, pp. 55—87. Soc. Exp. Biol. Symposium 37.

4.7. Cohen М. I. (1974). The genesis of respiratory rhythmicity. In Central-Rhythmic and Regulation, ed. W. Umbach and H. P. Koepcheti, pp. 15— 35. Stuttgart, W. Germany: Hippokrates.

4.8. Glass L. and Young R. E. (1979). Structure and dynamics of neural network oscillators. Brain Res. 179: 207 —18.

4.10. Stark L. W. (1968). Neurological Control Systems: Studies in Bioengineering. New York: Plenum.

4.13. Mackey М. C. and an der Heiden U. (1984). The dynamics of recurrent inhibition. J. Math. Biol. 19: 211—25.

5.1. Bortoff A. (1961). Electrical activity of intestine recorded with pressure electrode. Am. J. Physiol. 201: 209—12.

5.2. Guevara M. R. (1987). Afterpotential and pacemaker oscillations in an ionic model of cardiac Purkinje fibre. In Temporal Disorder in Human Oscillatory Systems, ed. L. Rensing, U. an der Heiden and М. C. Mackey, pp. 126—33. Berlin: Springor-Verlag.

5.4. Schulman H., Duvivier R., Blattner P. (1983). The uterine contractility index. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 145: 1049—58.

5.5. 5.6. Glass L. (1987). Is the respiratory rhythm generated by a limit cycle oscillation? In Concepts and Formalizations in the Control of Breathing, ed. G. Benchetrir, P. Baconnier, and J. Demongeot, pp. 247—63. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

5.7. McClellan A. D. and Grillner S. (1984). Activation of «fictive swimming» by electrical microstimulation ot brainstem locomotor regions in an in vitro preparation of the lamprey central nervous system. Brain. Res. 300: 357—61.

5.9. Guttman R., Lewis S., Rinzel J. (1980). Control of repetitive firing in squid axon membrane as a model for a neuron oscillator. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 305: 357—95.

5.10. Petersen I. and Stener I. (1970). An electromyographical study of the striated urethral sphincter, the striated anal sphincter, and the levatr-ani muscle during ejaculation. Electromyography 10: 24—44.

6.1a. Clark F. J. and Euler C. von. (1972). On the regulation of depth and rate of breathing. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 222: 267—95.

6.1b. Knox С. K. (1973). Characteristics of inflation and deflation reflexes during expiration in the cat. J. Neurophysiol. 36: 284—95.

6.2. Jalife J. and Мое G. K. (1976). Effect of electrotonic potential on pacemaker activity of canine Purkinje fibers in relation to parasystole. С ire. Res. 39: 801—808. By permission of the American Heart Assoc., Inc.

6.7. Glass L. and Winfree A. T. (1984). Discontinuities in phase-resetting experiments. Am. J. Physiol. 246 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 15): R251—58.

6.8. Lund J. P., Rossignol S., Murakami T. (1981). Interactions between the jaw opening reflex and mastication. Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 59: 683—90.

6.9. Stein R. B., Lee R. G., Nichols T. R. (1978). Modifications of ongoing tremors and locomotion by sensory feedback. Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. (Suppl.) 34: 511—19.

6.10. Castellanos A., Luceri R. М., Moleiro F., Kayden D. S., Trohman R. G., Zaman L., Myerburg R. J. (1984). Annihilation, entrainment and modulation of ventricular parasystolic rhythms. Am. J. Cardiol. 54: 317—22.

6.11. Guevara M. R., Shrier A., Glass L. (1986). Phase resetting of spontaneously beating embryonic ventricular heart-cell aggregates. Amer. J. Physiol. 251 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 20): H1298 —H1305.

7.1, 7.8. Petrillo G. A. and Glass L. (1984). A theory for phase locking of respiration in cats to a mechanical ventilator. Am. J. Physiol. 246 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 15) R311—20.

7.2, 8.4b, c, d. Glass L., Guevara M. R., Shrier A. (1987). Universal bifurcations and the classification of cardiac arrhythmias. Ann. N. Y. Acad Sci. 504: 168—178.

7.3, Hayashi C. (1964). Nonlinear Oscillations in Physical Systems. New York: McGraw Hill.

7.6. Glass L. and Mackey М. C. (1979b). A simple model for phase locking of biological oscillators. J. Math. Biol. 7: 339—52.

7.7, 7.10. Glass L. and Belair J. (1986). Continuation of Arnold tongues in mathematical models of periodically forced biological oscillators. In Nonlinear Oscillations in Biology and Chemistry, ed. H. G. Othmer, pp. 232—43. Berlin: Springer-Verlag.

7.12. Bramble D. M. (1983). Respiratory patterns and control during unrestrained human running. In Modelling and Control of Breathing, ed. B. J. Whipp and D. M. Wiberg, pp. 213—20. New York: Elsevier. Copyright 1983 Elsevier Science Publishing Co, Inc.

7.13. Мое G. K., Jalife J., Mueller W. J., Мое В. (1977). A mathematical model of parasystole and its application to clinical arrhythmias. Circulation 56: 968—79. By permission of the American Heart Association, Inc.

7.14. 7.15. Graves C., Glass L.. Laporta D., Meloche R., Grassino A. (1986). Respiratory phase locking during mechanical ventilation in anesthetized human subjects. Am. J. Physiol. 250 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 19): R902—R909.

8.1a. Weiss R. М., Wagner M. L., Hoffman B. F. (1968). Wenckebach periods of the ureter: A further note on the ubiquity of the Wenckebach phenomenon. Invest. Urol. 5: 462—67. © by Williams and Wilkins, 1968.

8.1b. Prosser C. L., Smith С. E., Melton С. E. (1955). Conduction of action potentials in the ureter of the rat. Am. J. Physiol. 181: 651—60.

8.2b. Bellett S. (1971). Clinical Disorders of the Heartbeat. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger.

8.4a. Levy M. N., Martin P. J., Edelstein J., Goldberg L. B. (1974). The AV nodal Wenckebach phenomenon as a positive feedback mechanism. Prog. Cardiovasc. Dis. 16: 601 —13.

8.5. Guevara M. R., Ward G., Shrier A., Glass L. (1984). Electrical alternans and period-doubling bifurcations. In Computers in Cardiology, pp. 167—70. © 1984 IEEE.

8.6. Sarna S. K. (1985). Cyclic motor activity: Migrating motor complex. Gastroenterology 89: 894—913. Copyright 1985 by the American Gastroenterological Association.

8.8. Winfree A. T. (1973). Scroll-shaped waves of chemical activity in three dimensions. Science 181: 937—39. Copyright 1973 by the AAAS.

8.9a. Winfree A. T. and Strogatz, S. H. (1984). Organizing centers for three-dimensional chemical waves. Nature 311: 611 —15. Copyright © 1984 Macmillan Magazines Limited.

8.9b. Welsh B., Gomatam J., Burgess A. E. (1983). Three-dimensional chemical waves in the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. Nature 304: 611 — 14. Copyright © 1983 Macmillan Magazines Limited.

8.10. Downar E., Parson I. D., Mickleborough L. L., Cameron D. A., Yao L. C., Waxman М. B. (1984). On-line epicardial mapping of intraoperative ventricular arrhythmias: Initial clinical experience. J. A mar. Coll. Cardiol. 4: 703—14. Reprinted with permission from the Americal College of Cardiology.

8.11. Shibata M. and Bures J. (1972). Reverberation of cortical spreading depression along closed-loop pathways in rat cerebral cortex. J. Neurophysiol. 35: 381—88.

A.7. Glass L., Guevara M. R., Shrier A., Perez R. (1983). Bifurcation and chaos in a periodically stimulated cardiac oscillator. Physica 7D: 89—101.

A.8. Belair J. and Glass L. (1985). Universality and self-similarity in the bifurcations of circle maps. Physica 16D: 143—54.